/*
 * Copyright (c) 2016 Universita' degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Author: Stefano Avallone <stefano.avallone@unina.it>
 */
#ifndef QUEUE_ITEM_H
#define QUEUE_ITEM_H

#include "ns3/nstime.h"
#include "ns3/ptr.h"
#include "ns3/simple-ref-count.h"
#include <ns3/address.h>

namespace ns3
{

class Packet;

/**
 * \ingroup network
 * \defgroup netdevice Network Device
 */

/**
 * \ingroup netdevice
 * \brief Base class to represent items of packet Queues
 *
 * An item stored in an ns-3 packet Queue contains a packet and possibly other
 * information. An item of the base class only contains a packet. Subclasses
 * can be derived from this base class to allow items to contain additional
 * information.
 */
class QueueItem : public SimpleRefCount<QueueItem>
{
  public:
    /**
     * \brief Create a queue item containing a packet.
     * \param p the packet included in the created item.
     */
    QueueItem(Ptr<Packet> p);

    virtual ~QueueItem();

    // Delete default constructor, copy constructor and assignment operator to avoid misuse
    QueueItem() = delete;
    QueueItem(const QueueItem&) = delete;
    QueueItem& operator=(const QueueItem&) = delete;

    /**
     * \return the packet included in this item.
     */
    Ptr<Packet> GetPacket() const;

    /**
     * \brief Use this method (instead of GetPacket ()->GetSize ()) to get the packet size
     *
     * Subclasses may keep header and payload separate to allow manipulating the header,
     * so using this method ensures that the correct packet size is returned.
     *
     * \return the size of the packet included in this item.
     */
    virtual uint32_t GetSize() const;

    /**
     * \enum Uint8Values
     * \brief 1-byte fields of the packet whose value can be retrieved, if present
     */
    enum Uint8Values
    {
        IP_DSFIELD
    };

    /**
     * \brief Retrieve the value of a given field from the packet, if present
     * \param field the field whose value has to be retrieved
     * \param value the output parameter to store the retrieved value
     *
     * \return true if the requested field is present in the packet, false otherwise.
     */
    virtual bool GetUint8Value(Uint8Values field, uint8_t& value) const;

    /**
     * \brief Print the item contents.
     * \param os output stream in which the data should be printed.
     */
    virtual void Print(std::ostream& os) const;

    /**
     * TracedCallback signature for Ptr<QueueItem>
     *
     * \param [in] item The queue item.
     */
    typedef void (*TracedCallback)(Ptr<const QueueItem> item);

  private:
    /**
     * The packet contained in the queue item.
     */
    Ptr<Packet> m_packet;
};

/**
 * \brief Stream insertion operator.
 *
 * \param os the stream
 * \param item the item
 * \returns a reference to the stream
 */
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const QueueItem& item);

/**
 * \ingroup network
 *
 * QueueDiscItem is the abstract base class for items that are stored in a queue
 * disc. It is derived from QueueItem (which only consists of a Ptr<Packet>)
 * to additionally store the destination MAC address, the
 * L3 protocol number and the transmission queue index,
 */
class QueueDiscItem : public QueueItem
{
  public:
    /**
     * \brief Create a queue disc item.
     * \param p the packet included in the created item.
     * \param addr the destination MAC address
     * \param protocol the L3 protocol number
     */
    QueueDiscItem(Ptr<Packet> p, const Address& addr, uint16_t protocol);

    ~QueueDiscItem() override;

    // Delete default constructor, copy constructor and assignment operator to avoid misuse
    QueueDiscItem() = delete;
    QueueDiscItem(const QueueDiscItem&) = delete;
    QueueDiscItem& operator=(const QueueDiscItem&) = delete;

    /**
     * \brief Get the MAC address included in this item
     * \return the MAC address included in this item.
     */
    Address GetAddress() const;

    /**
     * \brief Get the L3 protocol included in this item
     * \return the L3 protocol included in this item.
     */
    uint16_t GetProtocol() const;

    /**
     * \brief Get the transmission queue index included in this item
     * \return the transmission queue index included in this item.
     */
    uint8_t GetTxQueueIndex() const;

    /**
     * \brief Set the transmission queue index to store in this item
     * \param txq the transmission queue index to store in this item.
     */
    void SetTxQueueIndex(uint8_t txq);

    /**
     * \brief Get the timestamp included in this item
     * \return the timestamp included in this item.
     */
    Time GetTimeStamp() const;

    /**
     * \brief Set the timestamp included in this item
     * \param t the timestamp to include in this item.
     */
    void SetTimeStamp(Time t);

    /**
     * \brief Add the header to the packet
     *
     * Subclasses may keep header and payload separate to allow manipulating the header,
     * so this method allows to add the header to the packet before sending the packet
     * to the device.
     */
    virtual void AddHeader() = 0;

    /**
     * \brief Print the item contents.
     * \param os output stream in which the data should be printed.
     */
    void Print(std::ostream& os) const override;

    /**
     * \brief Marks the packet as a substitute for dropping it, such as for Explicit Congestion
     * Notification
     *
     * \return true if the packet is marked by this method or is already marked, false otherwise
     */
    virtual bool Mark() = 0;

    /**
     * \brief Computes the hash of various fields of the packet header
     *
     * This method just returns 0. Subclasses should implement a reasonable hash
     * for their protocol type, such as hashing on the TCP/IP 5-tuple.
     *
     * \param perturbation hash perturbation value
     * \return the hash of various fields of the packet header
     */
    virtual uint32_t Hash(uint32_t perturbation = 0) const;

  private:
    Address m_address;   //!< MAC destination address
    uint16_t m_protocol; //!< L3 Protocol number
    uint8_t m_txq;       //!< Transmission queue index
    Time m_tstamp;       //!< timestamp when the packet was enqueued
};

} // namespace ns3

#endif /* QUEUE_ITEM_H */
