/*
 * Copyright (c) 2008 INRIA
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Authors: Mathieu Lacage <mathieu.lacage@sophia.inria.fr>
 */
#include "system-path.h"

#include "assert.h"
#include "environment-variable.h"
#include "fatal-error.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "string.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <ctime>
#include <regex>
#include <sstream>
#include <tuple>

// Some compilers such as GCC < 8 (Ubuntu 18.04
// ships with GCC 7) do not ship with the
// std::filesystem header,  but with the
// std::experimental::filesystem header.
// Since Clang reuses these headers and the libstdc++
// from GCC, we need to either use the experimental
// version or require a more up-to-date GCC.
// we use the "fs" namespace to prevent collisions
// with musl libc.
#ifdef __has_include
#if __has_include(<filesystem>)
#include <filesystem>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
#elif __has_include(<experimental/filesystem>)
#include <experimental/filesystem>
namespace fs = std::experimental::filesystem;
#else
#error "No support for filesystem library"
#endif
#endif

#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <mach-o/dyld.h>
#endif /* __APPLE__ */

#ifdef __FreeBSD__
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif

#ifdef __linux__
#include <cstring>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#ifdef __WIN32__
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <regex>
#include <windows.h>
#endif

/**
 * System-specific path separator used between directory names.
 */
#if defined(__WIN32__)
constexpr auto SYSTEM_PATH_SEP = "\\";
#else
constexpr auto SYSTEM_PATH_SEP = "/";
#endif

/**
 * \file
 * \ingroup systempath
 * ns3::SystemPath implementation.
 */

namespace ns3
{

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE("SystemPath");

// unnamed namespace for internal linkage
namespace
{
/**
 * \ingroup systempath
 * Get the list of files located in a file system directory with error.
 *
 * \param [in] path A path which identifies a directory
 * \return Tuple with a list of the filenames which are located in the input directory or error flag
 * \c true if directory doesn't exist.
 */
std::tuple<std::list<std::string>, bool>
ReadFilesNoThrow(std::string path)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(path);
    std::list<std::string> files;
    if (!fs::exists(path))
    {
        return std::make_tuple(files, true);
    }
    for (auto& it : fs::directory_iterator(path))
    {
        if (!fs::is_directory(it.path()))
        {
            files.push_back(it.path().filename().string());
        }
    }
    return std::make_tuple(files, false);
}

} // unnamed namespace

namespace SystemPath
{

/**
 * \ingroup systempath
 * \brief Get the directory path for a file.
 *
 * This is an internal function (by virtue of not being
 * declared in a \c .h file); the public API is FindSelfDirectory().
 *
 * \param [in] path The full path to a file.
 * \returns The full path to the containing directory.
 */
std::string
Dirname(std::string path)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(path);
    std::list<std::string> elements = Split(path);
    auto last = elements.end();
    last--;
    return Join(elements.begin(), last);
}

std::string
FindSelfDirectory()
{
    /**
     * This function returns the path to the running $PREFIX.
     * Mac OS X: _NSGetExecutablePath() (man 3 dyld)
     * Linux: readlink /proc/self/exe
     * Solaris: getexecname()
     * FreeBSD: sysctl CTL_KERN KERN_PROC KERN_PROC_PATHNAME -1
     * BSD with procfs: readlink /proc/curproc/file
     * Windows: GetModuleFileName() with hModule = NULL
     */
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
    std::string filename;
#if defined(__linux__)
    {
        ssize_t size = 1024;
        char* buffer = (char*)malloc(size);
        memset(buffer, 0, size);
        int status;
        while (true)
        {
            status = readlink("/proc/self/exe", buffer, size);
            if (status != 1 || (status == -1 && errno != ENAMETOOLONG))
            {
                break;
            }
            size *= 2;
            free(buffer);
            buffer = (char*)malloc(size);
            memset(buffer, 0, size);
        }
        if (status == -1)
        {
            NS_FATAL_ERROR("Oops, could not find self directory.");
        }
        filename = buffer;
        free(buffer);
    }
#elif defined(__WIN32__)
    {
        //  LPTSTR = char *
        DWORD size = 1024;
        LPTSTR lpFilename = (LPTSTR)malloc(sizeof(TCHAR) * size);
        DWORD status = GetModuleFileName(nullptr, lpFilename, size);
        while (status == size)
        {
            size = size * 2;
            free(lpFilename);
            lpFilename = (LPTSTR)malloc(sizeof(TCHAR) * size);
            status = GetModuleFileName(nullptr, lpFilename, size);
        }
        NS_ASSERT(status != 0);
        filename = lpFilename;
        free(lpFilename);
    }
#elif defined(__APPLE__)
    {
        uint32_t bufsize = 1024;
        char* buffer = (char*)malloc(bufsize);
        NS_ASSERT(buffer);
        int status = _NSGetExecutablePath(buffer, &bufsize);
        if (status == -1)
        {
            free(buffer);
            buffer = (char*)malloc(bufsize);
            status = _NSGetExecutablePath(buffer, &bufsize);
        }
        NS_ASSERT(status == 0);
        filename = buffer;
        free(buffer);
    }
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
    {
        int mib[4];
        std::size_t bufSize = 1024;
        char* buf = (char*)malloc(bufSize);

        mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
        mib[1] = KERN_PROC;
        mib[2] = KERN_PROC_PATHNAME;
        mib[3] = -1;

        sysctl(mib, 4, buf, &bufSize, nullptr, 0);
        filename = buf;
    }
#endif
    return Dirname(filename);
}

std::string
Append(std::string left, std::string right)
{
    // removing trailing separators from 'left'
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(left << right);
    while (true)
    {
        std::string::size_type lastSep = left.rfind(SYSTEM_PATH_SEP);
        if (lastSep != left.size() - 1)
        {
            break;
        }
        left = left.substr(0, left.size() - 1);
    }
    std::string retval = left + SYSTEM_PATH_SEP + right;
    return retval;
}

std::list<std::string>
Split(std::string path)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(path);
    std::vector<std::string> items = SplitString(path, SYSTEM_PATH_SEP);
    std::list<std::string> retval(items.begin(), items.end());
    return retval;
}

std::string
Join(std::list<std::string>::const_iterator begin, std::list<std::string>::const_iterator end)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(*begin << *end);
    std::string retval = "";
    for (auto i = begin; i != end; i++)
    {
        if ((*i).empty())
        {
            // skip empty strings in the path list
            continue;
        }
        else if (i == begin)
        {
            retval = *i;
        }
        else
        {
            retval = retval + SYSTEM_PATH_SEP + *i;
        }
    }
    return retval;
}

std::list<std::string>
ReadFiles(std::string path)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(path);
    bool err;
    std::list<std::string> files;
    std::tie(files, err) = ReadFilesNoThrow(path);
    if (err)
    {
        NS_FATAL_ERROR("Could not open directory=" << path);
    }
    return files;
}

std::string
MakeTemporaryDirectoryName()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
    auto [found, path] = EnvironmentVariable::Get("TMP");
    if (!found)
    {
        std::tie(found, path) = EnvironmentVariable::Get("TEMP");
        if (!found)
        {
            path = "/tmp";
        }
    }

    //
    // Just in case the user wants to go back and find the output, we give
    // a hint as to which dir we created by including a time hint.
    //
    time_t now = time(nullptr);
    struct tm* tm_now = localtime(&now);
    //
    // But we also randomize the name in case there are multiple users doing
    // this at the same time
    //
    srand(time(nullptr));
    long int n = rand();

    //
    // The final path to the directory is going to look something like
    //
    //   /tmp/ns3.14.30.29.32767
    //
    // The first segment comes from one of the temporary directory env
    // variables or /tmp if not found.  The directory name starts with an
    // identifier telling folks who is making all of the temp directories
    // and then the local time (in this case 14.30.29 -- which is 2:30 and
    // 29 seconds PM).
    //
    std::ostringstream oss;
    oss << path << SYSTEM_PATH_SEP << "ns-3." << tm_now->tm_hour << "." << tm_now->tm_min << "."
        << tm_now->tm_sec << "." << n;

    return oss.str();
}

void
MakeDirectories(std::string path)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(path);

    std::error_code ec;
    if (!fs::exists(path))
    {
        fs::create_directories(path, ec);
    }

    if (ec.value())
    {
        NS_FATAL_ERROR("failed creating directory " << path);
    }
}

bool
Exists(const std::string path)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(path);

    bool err;
    auto dirpath = Dirname(path);
    std::list<std::string> files;
    tie(files, err) = ReadFilesNoThrow(dirpath);
    if (err)
    {
        // Directory doesn't exist
        NS_LOG_LOGIC("directory doesn't exist: " << dirpath);
        return false;
    }
    NS_LOG_LOGIC("directory exists: " << dirpath);

    // Check if the file itself exists
    auto tokens = Split(path);
    std::string file = tokens.back();

    if (file.empty())
    {
        // Last component was a directory, not a file name
        // We already checked that the directory exists,
        // so return true
        NS_LOG_LOGIC("directory path exists: " << path);
        return true;
    }

    files = ReadFiles(dirpath);

    auto it = std::find(files.begin(), files.end(), file);
    if (it == files.end())
    {
        // File itself doesn't exist
        NS_LOG_LOGIC("file itself doesn't exist: " << file);
        return false;
    }

    NS_LOG_LOGIC("file itself exists: " << file);
    return true;

} // Exists()

std::string
CreateValidSystemPath(const std::string path)
{
    // Windows and its file systems, e.g. NTFS and (ex)FAT(12|16|32),
    // do not like paths with empty spaces or special symbols.
    // Some of these symbols are allowed in test names, checked in TestCase::AddTestCase.
    // We replace them with underlines to ensure they work on Windows.
    std::regex incompatible_characters(" |:[^\\\\]|<|>|\\*");
    std::string valid_path;
    std::regex_replace(std::back_inserter(valid_path),
                       path.begin(),
                       path.end(),
                       incompatible_characters,
                       "_");
    return valid_path;
} // CreateValidSystemPath

} // namespace SystemPath

} // namespace ns3
